Careers, Unable to load your collection due to an error. Proposed new diagnostic criteria for complex regional pain syndrome, The reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome in a child. [emailprotected] with comments or questions about this site, 25 mm / 1 in high LCD with 5 active digits, 6-digit, 7-segment 1.0?/25 mm high transflective LCD, Extra-large, 0.75 inch high easy- to-read LCD display, (1) 9-volt Alkaline battery (not included) AC Adapter (included), 6 "C" cell batteries or universal AC adapter, 6 "C" size alkaline batteries or optional AC adapter, LCD, 7 Digit, with decimal 1.0" characters, Stainless steel scale with stainless steel tray. & Helbich, T. Performance of computer-aided detection applied to full-field digital mammography in detection of breast cancers. Overview A large clinical trial in the United Kingdom has shown that single reading with CAD assistance has similar performance to double reading21. Scales |Specialty Bernstein BH, Singsen BH, Kent JT, Kornreich H, King K, Hicks R, Hanson V. Reflex neurovascular dystrophy in childhood. Trister, A. D., Buist, D. S. & Lee, C. I. In Proceedings of the 5th international workshop on digital mammography, 212218 (Medical Physics Publishing, 2000). the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in The IASP classification of chronic pain for ICD-11: chronic primary pain. BCC, Budapest Clinical Criteria; BRC, Budapest Research Criteria; CRPS, complex regional pain syndrome; IASP, International Association for the Study of Pain Criteria; Physician diagnosis, diagnosis made based on clinical examination and/or expert opinion. Detecto continues to set the pace in the clinical scale industry, backed by over a century Detecto's physician scale model 339 features a height rod in inches and centimeters. Detecto's 485 Detecto 495 Series, Heavy-Duty Stationary Wheelchair Scale D x 33.4" H cart dimensions allow it to easily fit through doorways into patient rooms. Kim, S. J. et al. The MedVue 350-degree swivel mounting bracket allows the display to be tilted and rotated into position wherever it is the most convenient for the medical professional and/or patient to view. Charge Estimator, Scales & Equipment: Value The American-made 450 series, with their steel constructed base and easy-to-clean polystyrene tray measuring 22 W x 14.75 D x 4.5 H inch (56 W x 37 D x 11 H cm) can cradle babies securely on these dependably accurate scales. In Biomedical Imaging (ISBI 2017), 2017 IEEE 14th International Symposium on, 310314(IEEE, 2017). The MedVue features a vivid 3.5-in-wide by 3-in-high backlit LCD display screen with nearly 1-in-high weight digit readouts for easy visibility. Further details about Faster R-CNN can be found in the original article37. Diagnostic: 1) Packing material in scale base Draft rod not connected in scale base, Note: The draft rod is the connecting rod that is located inside the column. As seen in Fig. Manufacturers: Acculab Journal of the National Cancer institute 103, 11521161 (2011). JAMA internal medicine 175, 18281837 (2015). Directory | Store Policies | About Double reading was found to improve the performance of mammographic evaluation and it has been implemented in many countries13. Learn More Pediatric CRPS affects predominately females (85%) and most often in the lower extremity (71%).1, A systematic review in 20142 revealed mixed results to explain the prognosis of CRPS. Both studies reported good agreement (51%-96% agreement) between physician examination and objective measures across symptoms with respect to presence or absence of symptoms,28,33 but poor correlations (0%-71% association) with respect to symptom severity.33 Similar results were found with respect to interrater reliability in another study, which reported that physicians agreed upon the presence or absence of symptoms (range 88%-100%) but poor agreement with respect to symptom severity, particularly with temperature and discoloration.34 With respect to concurrent validity, its relatedness to the Budapest Criteria and Budapest Research Criteria was quite poor (Cohen's kappa coefficient [] range 0.29-0.42), resulting in disagreement in diagnosis between the tools in 26% to 39% of study participants.35, The IASP criteria for diagnosing CRPS were first created at an IASP meeting in Orlando in 1993, and later published in 1994.21 According to the IASP criteria, a patient is diagnosed with CRPS if they meet all 4 criteria: (1) presence of an initiating noxious event or a cause of immobilization; (2) continuing pain, allodynia, or hyperalgesia for which the pain is disproportionate to any inciting event; (3) evidence at some time of edema, changes in skin blood flow, or abnormal sudomotor activity in the painful region; and (4) diagnosis is precluded by the existence of conditions that would otherwise account for the degree of pain and dysfunction. government site. Computerized medical imaging and graphics 26, 309319 (2002). the contents by NLM or the National Institutes of Health. Jia, Y. et al. One-third of patients with diabetic neuropathy met the IASP criteria for diagnosis.11 With respect to concurrent validity and its relatedness to other tools, the IASP criteria were found to have a large association with the CRPS Severity Score (Eta = 0.69, where Eta represents a nonlinear correlation coefficient with a range from 0 to 1.00).14 Interrater reliability was examined, and the Cohen's Kappa () value was 0.29 (CI: 0.03-0.55), which was preferable compared with physician diagnosis ( = 0.20) but not as strong as the Budapest Research Criteria ( = 0.38).44. Overview The second search included words relevant to CRPS, pediatric, child, adolescent, youth, and names of tools that were known to these authors. Find digital, beam and platform scales for every need including medical offices and hospitals. G. Mesaroli was supported by a Frederick Banting and Charles Best Canada Graduate Scholarship (CGS-M) from CIHR and a Clinician Scientist Training Program Scholarship from the Hospital for Sick Children. This is especially true for the 9 diagnostic tools that were excluded from this review (Table (Table2)2) because there was only one study evaluating the tool's measurement properties. Detecto Scale Vintage - Etsy Pocket Scales | Ohaus electronic Screening mammography has been shown to reduce breast cancer mortality by 3848% among participants2. Personal Massagers, Jogging CRPS, complex regional pain syndrome; IASP, International Association for the Study of Pain Criteria. mechanical and electronic scales | DigiWeigh Strength Testing Equipment | Cooking/Diet Scales | "Legal PubMed Interobserver reliability of diagnosis in patients with complex regional pain syndrome. The heart of our model is a state of the art object detection framework, Faster R-CNN37. Furthermore, it is recommended that community-based providers rapidly refer patients with suspected CRPS to pediatric pain clinics. Bae, M. S. et al. Google Scholar. Detecto Two-in-One Beam Scale FOR SALE - FREE Shipping - Rehabmart.com The FROC curve shows sensitivity (fraction of correctly localised lesions) as a function of the number of false positive marks put on an image Fig. DETECTO Improves Platform of Popular 6550 Scale. The Detecto 439 Beam Scale is made of steel for durability and goes above and beyond expectations by creating this affordable yet incredibly durable and adaptable physician scale. Account | Shipping Built for extreme-use applications in the weighing industry, the American-made 190 STORM IP69K-rated polycarbonate enclosure withstands high-temperature (up to 176 F / 80 C), high-pressure wash downs (1450 PSI). Documentation: By submitting a comment you agree to abide by our Terms and Community Guidelines. Detecto Medical Scales at Discount Prices - ItinScales.com An official website of the United States government. and JavaScript. The medical scale is designed with easy to read, dual sided weight measuring tool. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 97, 358367 (2005). (B) Missed malignant lesions. The search of electronic databases provided a total of 6444 citations. PubMed Central Weight | CAS | Chatillon $3,381.00. The MedVue offers a host of both wired and optional wireless connectivity for sending measurement data to, About Us | Returns | Products | Weight Radiology 245, 8894 (2007). In particular, pediatric CRPS may be milder with a more favorable prognosis.3,10,16 One study suggests that children present most often with sensory and motor symptoms, with trophic changes being more rare.22, At present, clinicians should take caution when applying any diagnostic tool to children and adolescents with suspected CRPS. Bunch, P. C., Hamilton, J. F., Sanderson, G. K. & Simmons, A. H. A free response approach to the measurement and characterization of radiographic observer performance. From the detected overlapping objects, the best predictions are selected using non-maximum suppression. Moreira, I. C. et al. Body Composition Monitors | Calibration Weights | Counting Signs and symptoms of reflex sympathetic dystrophy: prospective study of 829 patients. The stainless steel desk or wall-mountable enclosure ensures accurate, reliable operation in harsh environments and washdown applications. Reducing wait-times for patients with suspected CRPS is recommended in community-based settings and specialist pain clinics. With respect to the secondary search specific to the pediatric population, data extracted from each study included tool name, study setting, type of study, and study sample characteristics (including number of participants and age range). For example, study patient selection should be done without inappropriate exclusion criteria, and the interpretation of the index and reference standard test must be done without knowledge of the result of the other. Detecto Medical Scales and Weighing Products - HealthCheckSystems The MedVue features a striking blue 3.5-in-wide by 3-in-high backlit LCD display screen with nearly 1-in-high weight digit readouts for easy visibility. (B) Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) flow diagram for secondary (pediatric only) search. Bariatric Scales - Detecto Scales - Medical Scales Documentation: In Proceedings of the IEEE international conference on computer vision, 10261034 (2015). DETECTO is the largest medical scale manufacturer in the United States. Part: 6854DHR Future research is recommended to develop a diagnostic tool for pediatric populations and screening tools for both pediatric and adults. Source code, the trained model and an OsiriX plugin are published online at https://github.com/riblidezso/frcnn_cad. Rod, Detecto - apex Eye-Level Digital Physician scale w/Sonar Ht. Collett B, Haanpaa M, Kamel V, Lynch ME, Rajagopal R, Sessle B, Soyannwo O. IASP task force on wait-times: summary and recommendations. The 8440's weighing tray may be Detecto FHD-133-II Stationary Low-Profile Wheelchair Scale We applied vertical and horizontal flipping to augment the training dataset. H / 31 cm W x 30 cm D x 5 cm H, 18" L x 14" W x 2" H (457mm L x 356mm W x 51mm H), 4 digit, 7 segment, liquid crystal display, 1"/25mm high. The die-cast beam is dual reading, so it can be easily read from either side, and measures in BOTH pounds Detecto's physicians scale model 337 features a platform cover is easily removed for cleaning. The smooth gliding 2.5" diameter rubolene wheels and 27.75? Wheelchair Scale. Hoff, S. R. et al. Detecto's model MB130 digital baby scale features an easy-to-read one-inch-high LCD with pounds and kilograms readouts for neonatal to pediatric measurement. These criteria were first introduced by Bruehl et al.4 as a modified version of the IASP criteria, intended for use in research studies to define study populations. Predictive value of symptom level measurements for complex regional pain syndrome type I. Prinsen CaC, Mokkink LB, Bouter LM, Alonso J, Patrick DL, de Vet HCW, Terwee CB. Mesaroli G, Ruskin D, Campbell F, Kronenberg S, Klein S, Hundert A, Stinson J. and F.N. Diagnostic criteria for CRPS I: differences between patient profiles using three different diagnostic sets. In Application of Optical Instrumentation in Medicine VI, 124135 (International Society for Optics and Photonics, 1977). The MedVue features a striking blue 3.5-in-wide by 3-in-high backlit LCD display screen with nearly 1-in-high weight digit readouts for easy visibility. To aid in making a clinical diagnosis for CRPS, clinicians can use one of the 4 diagnostic tools. Budapest Criteria are (1) continuing pain that is disproportionate to any inciting event, (2) one symptom in 3 of 4 categories, and (3) one sign in 2 of 4 categories; categories include sensory, vasomotor, sudomotor/edema, and motor/trophic, and (4) no other diagnosis could better explain the patient's presentation. Radiology 184, 613617 (1992). Ouzzani M, Hammady H, Fedorowicz Z, Elmagarmid A. Rayyana web and mobile app for systematic reviews, International directory of pediatric pain clinics 2020. A.H. and Z.U. Documentation: Data collection was performed by authors G.M. Correspondence to Digital Geriatric/Bariatric. This secondary objective used the same exclusion criteria as described above. Characteristics of complex regional pain syndrome in patients referred to a tertiary pain clinic by community physicians, assessed by the Budapest clinical diagnostic criteria. No screening tools were identified. Thaddeus, a mechanic and builder, was a wagonmaker by . Academic radiology 19, 236248 (2012). Cardinal/Detecto Scale | High-Quality Scales and Weighing Equipment Overall, the tool's diagnostic validity has been evaluated in 4 studies with highly variable results, particularly with respect to the sensitivity (sensitivity ranging from 45% to 99%) and, to a lesser extent, specificity (68%-85%).13,29,30,40 Three additional studies evaluated additional measurement properties of the Budapest Criteria.14,19,40 Mailis-Gagnon compared the Budapest Criteria with clinical diagnosis and found that only 27% of patients diagnosed by a community-based provider met the Budapest Criteria.19 This study reported that more than 80% of patients who did not meet the criteria had another diagnosis to better explain their signs and symptoms, which is the fourth Budapest Criteria.19 Concurrent validity with the CRPS Severity Score was excellent (Eta = 0.88). mechanical and digital bakers dough scales and food ingredient scales During the American Civil War, causalgia was used to describe burning pain after nerve injury in wounded soldiers, associated with allodynia, color, and trophic changes.23,24 It was later described as reflex sympathetic dystrophy in 1943.8 Other terms included shoulder-hand syndrome, algodystrophy, and Sudeck atrophy, to describe similar physiological phenomena. Comparison of standard reading and computer aided detection (cad) on a national proficiency test of screening mammography. Mailis-Gagnon A, Lakha SF, Allen MD, Deshpande A, Harden RN. The INBreast dataset can be requested online at http://medicalresearch.inescporto.pt/breastresearch/index.php/Get_INbreast_Database. To obtain The 495 features a padded handrail for ambulatory patients and Detecto's Detecto 6400 Portable & Low-Profile Wheelchair Scale 1000lbs Capacity The score threshold for the examples was defined at a sensitivity of \(0.9\) and \(0.3\) false positive marks per image. The remote digital indicator comes with a mounting bracket which easily mounts on a counter top or vertical surface. It can Solo Detecto - Digital Clinical Scale Medical Scales | Weight Scales | Home Scales | Detecto Scales Cardinal Scale | MedVue Weight mechanical scales| Detecto Radiology 270, 369377 (2014). For adults, the Budapest Criteria are the preferred diagnostic tool. arXiv preprint arXiv:1409.1556 (2014). In the last two decades, Computer Aided Detection (CAD) systems were developed to help radiologists analyse screening mammograms, however benefits of current CAD technologies appear to be contradictory, therefore they should be improved to be ultimately considered useful. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. This abstract was published in relation to a poster presentation at the Canadian Pain Society Conference May 2020, which was cancelled due to COVID-19. Documentation: Documentation: These Detecto Eye-Level scales come in numerous customizable options. Ensure that the scale's spoon is raised above the patient's height in a horizontal position. and anywhere that food is served. Scales | Jewelry Scales | Livestock Push the latch to the right while simultaneously pushing down the spoon if the patient is shorter than 3'4". DETECTO's solo eye-level clinical scale is the most economical, high-quality digital physician scale with height rod available. Cardinal Scale | Physician-Scales Banks, E. et al. Conversion Calculator |Shipping The MedVue features a striking blue 3.5-in-wide by 3-in-high backlit LCD display screen with nearly 1-in-high weight digit readouts for easy visibility. I know what product category and specific model it is that I need to request pricing on. 3. CAS Merskey H, Bogduk N; International Association for the Study of Pain, editors. Hupse, R. & Karssemeijer, N. Use of normal tissue context in computer-aided detection of masses in mammograms. Over time, several clinical tools specifying signs and symptoms have been developed; however, they vary in their description of the disease. Capacities are available up to 250 pounds with 18 x 18 inch brushed stainless steel platforms. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. mechanical and electronic scales, Dillon Add to Favorites Detecto Scales Blue Model 239 a Doctor Medical Office Official Platform Scale . Effectiveness of computer-aided detection in community mammography practice. Five studies were exclusive to CRPS Type 1 in the Dutch population. The die-cast beam can be easily read from either side. FOIA The die-cast beam can be easily read from either side. | Bicycle Trailers | Stopwatches & Scoreboards| GreatGift From this review, 15 did not meet the inclusion criteria, resulting in 20 included studies. A detection was considered correct if the center of the proposed lesion fell within a ground truth box. Sensitivity is calculated on a per lesion basis. Scales | Dynamometers | Fish/Game Blanks, R., Wallis, M. & Moss, S. A comparison of cancer detection rates achieved by breast cancer screening programmes by number of readers, for one and two view mammography: results from the uk national health service breast screening programme. Add to Compare. The How and Why of an Essential Machine. Deep CNN-s have reached, or even surpassed, human performance in image classification and object detection29. Documentation: European radiology 23, 93100 (2013). Power Source AC Adapter for ProMed Scales. Ten diagnostic tools were used in total, 4 of which were previously established tools (the Budapest Criteria, IASP criteria, Veldman criteria, and Japanese Diagnostic Criteria). Previous mammograms in patients with impalpable breast carcinoma: retrospective vs blinded interpretation. Our model achieves slightly better detection performance on the INbreast dataset than the reported characteristics of commercial CAD systems, although it is important to note that results obtained on different datasets are not directly comparable. Interrater reliability of diagnosing complex regional pain syndrome type I. Perez RSGM, Collins S, Marinus J, Zuurmond WWA, de Lange JJ. Ribli, D., Horvth, A., Unger, Z. et al. Set at an affordable price, the development of the Detecto 439 set the bar in the clinical scale industry. CPRS, complex regional pain syndrome; RSD, reflex sympathetic dystrophy. The primary search to identify and summarize the measurement properties of diagnostic tools for CRPS identified 20 studies involving 4 diagnostic tools for inclusion in the review. Records were limited to English language studies. Which Detecto Weigh Beam Eye-Level Scale is Right for Me? Our primary objective was to identify screening and diagnostic tools for CRPS and summarize their feasibility, measurement properties, and study quality. Vitality Medical. Physician's Scales | CAS digital These models have tremendous potential in medical image analysis. Li Shen, Laurie R. Margolies, Weiva Sieh, William Lotter, Abdul Rahman Diab, A. Gregory Sorensen, Krithika Rangarajan, Aman Gupta, Chetan Arora, Alina Jade Barnett, Fides Regina Schwartz, Cynthia Rudin, Yong-Yeon Jo, Young Sang Choi, Yul Hwangbo, Scientific Reports Given that no widely accepted and evaluated reference standard exists, no tool used as the reference standard received higher than an unclear score for risk of bias within the QUADAS-2 tool.45 Discrepancies were resolved by consensus. Model. In order to test the models ability to detect and accurately localise malignant lesions, we evaluated the predictions on the INbreast dataset using the Free-response ROC (FROC) curve40. Several studies have attempted to apply Deep Learning to analyse mammograms27,30,31,32, but the problem is still far from being solved. The lesion based sensitivities of commercially available CAD systems are generally reported to be around 0.750.77 for scanned film mammograms17,19,20, and \(0.85\) for FFDM42,43. We ignored all benign annotations, and converted the malignant lesion annotations to bounding boxes. These new criteria were more robust, including more diverse symptoms, particularly with the addition of motor and trophic features. QUADAS-2 was intended to evaluate studies that use a reference standard test that is 100% sensitive and specific. The seashell-shaped plastic seat is optimal for infant comfort, easy to clean, has imperial and metric readings, a heavy-duty steel base and under-structure, and is battery powered. In this section, you can make an online purchase from some of the best manufacturers - Companies like Befour Precision Digital Scales, Cardinal Detecto Scales, Health o meter Professional Scales, Rice Lake Scales, Brecknell Scales, Seca Medical Scales, Adam Equipment Scales, Accuro Weight Scales. Only the most advanced technology is used to manufacture Cardinal/Detectos printed circuit boards used in t Cardinal/Detectos robotic welding system synchronizes the hundreds of welds needed for each truck scale dec Cardinal/Detecto load cells are some of the most important components in each scaletranslating movements i DETECTOs solo eye-level clinical scale is the most economical, high-quality digital physician scale with height rod available. FIEK_16-1-2016-0005]. The solid blue line shows the ROC curve on the INbreast dataset on breast level, AUC = 0.95, the dashed lines show the 95 percentile interval of the curve based on 10000 bootstrap samples. European journal of radiology 77, 457461 (2011). Support. For pediatric CRPS, there are no valid diagnostic criteria, and caution should be taken if applying any of the above criteria. Optional ball top transfers ease conveyor line integration, DETECTO Wi-Fi Medcal Indicator and scales, Detecto ST-Series Stainless Steel Prep Tables, Detecto MV1 Med Vue Medical Weight Analyzer Indicator, Detecto 190 STORM IP69K Legal for Trade Indicator, Detecto 205 STORM IP67 Legal for Trade Indicator, Detecto 210 STORM IP67 Legal for Trade Indicator, Detecto 185B 1' LCD display IP66 Legal for Trade Digital Weight Indicator, Detecto Model 204FWMP Digital Readout With Built In Paper Tape Printer, Detecto SPBT-1728 Rolling Baby Scale Cart, Chatillon/Ametek Documentation: HealthOMeter | Hoto Instruments | Imada | InScale | Mark-10 | Mettler Toledo | MedWeigh | Minx | Ohaus | Omron | Polar | The quality of digitised film-screen mammograms is not as good as full field digital mammograms therefore evaluation on these cases is not relevant. Canadian Journal of Pain 2020;4:A22A136. digital scales | AND electronic Amazon.com: Detecto Scales Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. Frequent weight checks of frail, handicapped, elderly, and dialysis patients can be a tremendous time-consuming task without the proper equipment. Hupse, R. et al. Detecto Medical Scales - Complete Line - Booth Med Radiology 220, 781786 (2001). A consistent reference standard would facilitate comparing results across studies, with the potential for pooling results in meta-analyses. Industrial & Scientific Janitorial & Facilities Safety Supplies Medical Supplies Food Service Diagnostic Equipment Material Handling Educational Supplies Sealants and Lubricants Additive Manufacturing . Accessibility and mechanical scales | Tanita The USA-made 210 weight indicator is loaded with features, including a stainless steel washdown enclosure, easy-to-read 0.6-in/15-mm high bright-red LED that displays weight to six digits, digital fill control, 25 single IDs, push-button Gross, Tare, Net conversion, flexible print formats, selectable weight units, alphanumeric keypad, tare, checkweighing, time and date, livestock weighing functions, and eight preset weight comparators (PWCs). Having clear diagnostic criteria would allow clinicians to identify the disease accurately and initiate appropriate treatments. Krumova EK, Frettlh J, Klauenberg S, Richter H, Wasner G, Maier C. Long-term skin temperature measurements - a practical diagnostic tool in complex regional pain syndrome. BRW1000 Portable Bariatric Wheelchair Scale. Detecto Scale is the largest manufacturer of medical scales, foodservice scales and more in the U.S., building scales for your weighing needs. Four diagnostic tools were identified: the Veldman criteria, International Association for the Study of Pain criteria, Budapest Criteria, and Budapest Research Criteria. The pixel values were clipped to be minimum 500 pixel lower and maximum 800 pixels higher than the mode of the pixel value distribution (excluding the background) and were rescaled to the 0255 range. The authors recommend that for adults with CRPS, clinicians use the Budapest Criteria for diagnosis in combination with clinical judgement, and researchers to use the Budapest Research Criteria. Publisher's note: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Refer to Supplementary File 1 (available at http://links.lww.com/PAIN/B228), MEDLINE Search Strategy, for an example of the search strategy used. Detecto Weigh Beam Eye-Level Scales - Vitality Medical Die Cast Weigh Beam Can Be Read From Either Side, Available in English or Metric Measurements, Product Numbers: 439, 437, 337, 339, 2371, 2391, 438, 2381, 338, 449, 2491, 349, 448, Weight Capacity: 400 Pounds, 180 Kilograms, Finish: Electrostatic Powder Paint Finish. Detecto Specialty Medical Scales | Detecto Baby Scales | All medical Scales, View Cart | Contact Computer-aided detection in full-field digital mammography: sensitivity and reproducibility in serial examinations. Veldman criteria were first published in 1993 to diagnose reflex sympathetic dystrophy.43 According to these criteria, a diagnosis can be made if: (1) 4 of 5 are present (unexplained diffuse pain, difference in skin color relative to the other limb, diffuse edema, difference in skin temperature relative to the other limb, or limited active range of motion); (2) occurrence or increase of above signs and symptoms after use; and (3) above signs and symptoms present in an area larger than the area of primary injury/operation and including the area distal to the primary injury.43 These criteria do not require any specific tools or equipment. Cancer screening in the european union. The authors also thank research assistants Fareha Nishat, Eric Mauti, Mallika Makkar, and Tamara Do Amaral for their assistance with screening studies and data collection. A secondary objective was to identify screening and diagnostic tools used for CRPS in pediatric populations (0-21 years of age).